Offices



J. AUSTIN.

PLOW.

No. 317,961. Pate nted May 19, 1885.

I (No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 1.

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N. PETERS, 'PhohrLilhugmphzr. Washington, D4 C4 (No Modei.) 3Sheets-Sheet 2. J. AUSTIN. I

PLOW. No., 317,961. 0) atented' May 19, 1885.

I71 venior:

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHh AUSTIN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PLOW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No, 317,961, dated May 19,1885.

' Application filed September 13, 1854. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, J OHN AUSTIN, residing at Chicago, .in the county ofCook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Flows, of which the following, in connection with theaccompanying drawings, is a specification.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a top view of a wheeled gang-plow embodyingmy improvements. Fig. 2 is a detail, the same being atop view of thejointed axle, a part of the I frame being broken awayto more clearlyrcpresent the construction of the parts intended to be thererepresented. Fig. 5) is a side view of the said wheeled gangplow. Fig.at is a rear view of the same, a portion of the frame being broken awayto more clearly represent the parts intended to be there shown. Fig. 5is a top view of a single hand-plow embodying some of my improvements.Fig. 6 is aside View of the same, and Fig. 7 is a rear view thereof.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts.

As my invention relates to the plow itself, and also to means adaptingit to use, either in connection with a wheeled truck or frame or as ahand-plow, I will proceed to describethe hand-plow first.

A is the plow propcr,which I make of metal. This part of thcplow has apoint, a, and an inclined front or cutting edge, a, retreating from thepoint and from the landside. The upper or rear edge, I), of the plow isinclined, and rearward of the edge a and about or nearly parallel withthe front edge. That portion of the plow that is included between theedges to and. b is curved or bent, the front surface curving downwardand forward, and being c0neave,so as to turn the land or serve as amoldboa-rd. Behind the point a and on the land side I turn up a portion,0, which serves as the landside of the plow, and also shears along theland. The plow is so bent or curved at or near the edge a as to movealong the bottom of the furrow or underneath the earth to be turnedover, it being understood that the plow A when in use is held in theposition indicated in Fig. 6. In other words, the plow A may bedescribed asbeing somewhatspooushaped, and the form of the furrow madeby it is indicated at d, Fig. 7. The plow A, as will be perceived, isnot only curvilineal between the edges a and b, but is also curvedupwardly along its landside. The plow, owing to its peculiar form, cutsits furrow somewhat as wood is out by a gouge, and therefore performsits work with comparatively little labor by the team. It also scourswell in sticky soil.

To use this plow as a hand-plow I employ a curved stock or plow-beam, B,to the lower or rear end of which I apply a plate, 0, fitted to the backof the plow A, and in which plate are the slots 6 c; and a c arethreaded bolts or pins passing through the plow A and theslots c c. c" eare nuts run upon projecting or screw-threaded ends ofthebolts a o. Bythese means the plow may be very securely attached to the stock or beamB, and also adjusted to secure the plow in its proper position, and alsoto compensate for wear of the cuttingedges.

1) D are the plow-handles, which may be at taehed to the beam B in anysuitable way.

This plow, owing to its form, may be liable, during use, to move towardor tend to move toward the land side of the furrow. This tendency Iprevent by securing an inclined guide-wheel or follower, E. to the stockor beam B by means of a clip or hanger, F, or by other suitable means,"he inclination of the said wheel being such as to cause it to travelagainst the lower portion of the land side of the furrow, as is clearlyindicated in Fig. 7. By this means much of the care and attentionrequired to keep the plow in its proper course is avoided.

I desire, also, to call attention to the fact that the upturned landsideor part c is so curved as to be in continuity with the mold-board, andthat the cutting-edge extends entirely along the part c and the edge awithout interruption at the junction of those parts.

Thus far I have described the plow itself and the means employed foradaping it to use as a hand-plow, and I will now proceed to describe themeans employed for using it in (.Oll nection with a truck.

I is the frame of the truck.

G is the forward part of the frame, and G is the rear part, which ishinged or pivoted to the forward part at f.

H H are the wheels, and I I are the wheelaxles, which are jointed orpivoted to the part G of the frame at g g.

J is adouble-eogged segment pivoted to the part G of the frame. Theinner ends of the axles I I are segmental in form and cogged, as

shown at h h, to engage the cogs on the part J,

respectively.

K is alever, rigidly attached to the part J, and L is a'supplement'allever, pivoted to a part, c, on the lever K, and rendered yielding bymeans of a spring, j, and having on its lower end a pin, 7..

M is an arch, in which are the perforations Z Z.

By pressing the upper end of the lever L toward the handle of the leverK, the pin it, which rests in one of the perforations Z, will bewithdrawn therefrom, and the lever K may then be tilted laterally, andby releasing the lever L the lever K willbe temporarilylocked in itschanged position, as the pin 7c will then enter another of theperforationsl Z. The part i is lipped, as shown at i, to overlap thearch M. By tilting the lever K in this manner the cogged segmental partJ will be rocked in such a manner as to tilt the axles I I, and inclinethe wheels H H in the same direction, as is clearly indicated in Fig.4:, the lever K being there shown as set to hold the wheels at theirgreatest inclination in one direction. One wheel will then ride upon theland and the other in the furrow and against the land side thereof; butthe frame will occupy a horizontal position, as shown, and be parallelwith the surface of the land.

The outer bar or beam of the rear orhinged part of the frame I make bypreference of angle-iron, and bow-shaped, as shown, and m. m are crossbars or braces bolted to the outer or bow-shaped beam and to each other,respectively, thereby being detachably connected to the said outer beam.The plow-beams are bolted to those of the braces m m which are parallelto the sides of the main frame, and the plows are attached to theirbeams in the manner already described.

N is a brace or arm, rigidly attached at its forward end to the forwardpart of the frame, and this brace may consist of two parallel parts, asis clearly indicated in Fig. 1.

O is a lever pivoted to the rear end of the arm N, and linked to therear part, G, of the frame by means of a link, 1?.

Q is abent lever, pivoted at its angle to the forward part, G, of theframe, and linked to the forward end of the lever O by means of a link,It.

S is a perforated segmental piece, rigidly attached to the forward partof the frame, and the lever Q has thereon a short stud or pin, 11,located to enter the plate S as the lever Q is moved back .and forth, soas to retain the said lever in the position in which it maybe set, itbeing understood that the lever Q is suf ficientlyv flexible to besprung laterally far enough to permit the pin a to be drawn from theplate S, so that the said lever may be moved.

T is the drivers seat, and U is the foot-rest.

'Viisithe tongue.

It may be here stated that, although the the plow proper, as shown andthus far described, is made in one and the same piece, a shareconsisting of another piece may be applied to the plow, if deemed best.

It will be perceived that the rear part, G, of the frame,which carriesthe plows, may be raised and lowered by means of the lever Q, thuscausing the plows to run either deep or shallow, or to be whollyinoperative, as may be desired. It will also be perceived that theinclination of the wheels H H, and especially of the furrow-wheel,willprevent the tendency of the plows to move away from the land, as theframe, by being braced in this manner while plowing is being done, willbe held truly in the line of draft, and at the same time both plows willrun at the same depth, as the frame remains horizontal or parallel withthe surface, although one wheel is lower than the other. In other words,the inclined wheels H H in the wheeled plow perform the same function asthe inclined wheel E belonging to the hand-plow, and also aid inregulating the depth of the furrow.

The upward movement of one axle I at its inner end, simultaneously withthe downward movement'of the inner end of the other axle as the lever Kand cogged segment J are moved, results in the maintenance of the framein a horizontal position, although one of the wheels runs in the furrowand the other on the land, and the plows are thus held in their properpositions for good work.

By making the braces m m detachable, the plows may readily be removed,and other working devieessueh as a rotary harrowapplied in their stead.

Having thus described my invention,what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is"

1. The spoon shaped plow A, having a point, a, and a cutting-edge, a,the latter retreating laterally from the said point, the said plow alsohaving a curved upturned shear and landside, c, the latter extendingfrom the said point rearward and having its curvature in continuity withthe curvature of the part serving as the mold-board, the whole beingformed wheel or follower E, attached to the said beam and located on thelandside of the plow, substantial] y as and for the purposes specified.

The. combination of the spoon shaped plow A, the beam B, the inclinedguide-wheel I I I, and means for tilting the said axles paralor followerE, the plate 0, having therein one lelly with each other, substantiallyas and for or more slots e e, and fitted to the back of the the purposesspecified. said plow and attached to the said beam, and In testimonythat I claim the foregoing as my 5 fastenings for securing the said plowadjustown I hereto affix my signature in presence of I 5 ablyperpendicularly, substantially as and for two witnesses.

the purposes specified. 7 l JOHN AUSTIN.

4. The combination, in a wheeled plow, of Witnesses: one or morespoon-shaped plows, A A, the I. F. IVARNER.

1o draft-wheels H H, the verticallytilting axles J. B. HALPENNY.

